Blog posts

In this post, we will tackle the valuation of call and put options using two methods: a closed-form formula and a stochastic model. Options are a type of financial instrument that give their owner the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell an asset at a predetermined price …

In this post, we will discuss the output of a cash flow model using the cashflower package in Python. We will explore how to generate grouped output, select a subset of columns, and customise the output format. Understanding how to structure and manage output is essential for effective analysis and …

This post is a brief tutorial on using Amazon S3 (Simple Storage Service) to manage inputs and outputs in actuarial cash flow models. S3 is a cloud storage solution that makes it easy to store and retrieve data anytime and it's commonly used for large datasets, file sharing, and backups. …

The key difference between an annuity immediate and an annuity due is the timing of payments. In an annuity immediate, payments are made at the end of each period, whereas in an annuity due, payments are made at the beginning of each period.

The term "immediate" might seem misleading since …

Loans come in different shapes and sizes, but when it comes to repayment, two common structures stand out: equal payment loans (also known as annuity loans) and equal principal loans (fixed principal). Understanding these repayment methods is essential for borrowers and financial professionals alike, as they impact how interest is …